Description
Insulin receptor (INSR) is also known as CD antigen CD220, which can be cleaved into the following 2 chains: Insulin receptor subunit alpha and Insulin receptor subunit beta.
INSR is a tetramer of 2 alpha and 2 beta chains linked by disulfide bonds.
The alpha chains carry the insulin-binding regions, while the beta chains carry the kinase domain.
Forms a hybrid receptor with IGF1R, the hybrid is a tetramer consisting of 1 alpha chain and 1 beta chain of INSR and 1 alpha chain and 1 beta chain of IGF1R.
In addition to binding insulin, the insulin receptor can bind insulin-like growth factors (IGFI and IGFII).
Isoform Short of INSR has a higher affinity for IGFII binding.
When present in a hybrid receptor with IGF1R, INSR binds IGF1